This list tries to avoid secular histories of Islamic countries. Rather, the aim is to consider Islam and its interactions with the world. To that extent, if the story of Islam overlaps with the political, social, or cultural history of a state or region, it is eligible for this list. This list could have easily listed around 800 works given the many states Islam has spread over, the long history of the religion, and the complex intellectual discourse within the religion. However, I have restricted it to a sample of the most important works in the field.

1. Abou El Fadl, Khaled. Speaking in God’s Name: Islamic Law, Authority and Women
2. Abrahamov, Binyamin, ed. Islamic Theology: Traditionalism and Rationalism
3. Afkhami, Mahnaz, ed. Faith and Freedom: Women’s Human Rights in the Muslim World
4. Ahmad, Aziz. Islamic Modernism in India and Pakistan, 1857-1964
5. Ahmad, Rafiuddin. The Bengal Muslims 1871-1906: A Quest for Identity
6. Ahmed, Leila. Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate
7. Algar, Hamid, ed. and trans. Islam and Revolution: Writings and Declarations of Imam Khomeini
8. Arberry, Arthur John, trans. The Doctrine of the Sufis
9. Arjomand, Said Amir. The Shadow of God and the Hidden Imam: Religion, Political Order, and Societal Change in Shi’ite Iran from the Beginning to 1890
10. as-Sadr, Muhammad Baqir. Lessons in Islamic Jurisprudence
11. Barnes, John. An Introduction to Religious Foundations in the Ottoman Empire
12. Bayat, Mangol. Iran’s First Revolution: Shi‘ism and the Constitutional Revolution of 1905-1909
13. Benda, Harry. The Crescent and the Rising Sun: Indonesian Islam Under the Japanese Occupation, 1942-1945
14. Black, Anthony. The History of Islamic Political Thought, Second Edition: From the Prophet to the Present
15. Bloom, Jonathan. Paper before Print: The History and Impact of Paper in the Islamic World
16. Blichfeldt, Jan-Olaf. Early Mahdism: Politics and Religion in the Formative Period of Islam
17. Brann, Ross. Power in the Portrayal: Representations of Jews and Muslims in Eleventh- and Twelfth- Century Islamic Spain
18. Brown, Carl. Religion and the State
19. Buehler, Arthur. Sufi Heirs of the Prophet: The Indian Naqshbandiyya and the Rise of the Mediating Sufi Shaykh
20. Bulliet, Richard. Conversion to Islam in the Medieval Period: An Essay in Quantitative History
21. Chodkiewicz, Michel. The Seal of the Saints: Prophethood and Sainthood in the Doctrine of Ibn Arabi
22. Choksy, Jamsheed K. Conflict and Cooperation: Zoroastrian Subalterns and Muslim Elites in Medieval Iranian Society
23. Commins, David. Islamic Reform: Politics and Social Change in Late Ottoman Syria
24. —. The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia
25. Conrad, Lwrence. The World of Ibn Tufayl: Interdisciplinary Studies on Hayy Ibn Yaqzan
26. Courbage, Youssef. Christians and Jews Under Islam
27. Crews, Robert. For Prophet and Tsar: Islam and Empire in Russia and Central Asia
28. Crone, Patricia. God’s Caliph: Religious Authority in the First Centuries of Islam
29. Daftary, Farhad. The Assassin Legends: Myth of the Ismailis
30. —. The Ismailis: Their History and Doctrines
31. Dale, Stephen. Islamic Society on the South Asian Frontier: the Mappilas of Malabar, 1498-1922
32. Deringil, Selim. Conversion and Apostasy in the Late Ottoman Empire
33. —. The Well-Protected Domains: Ideology and the Legitimation of Power in the Ottoman Empire, 1876-1909
34. DeWeese, Devin. Islamization and Native Religion in the Golden Horde: Baba Tukles and Conversion to Islam in Historical and Epic Tradition
35. Dobbin, Christine. Islamic Revivalism in a Changing Peasant Economy: Sumatra 1784-1847
36. Donner, Fred. The Early Islamic Conquests
37. —. Narratives of Islamic Origins: The Beginnings of Islamic Historical Writing
38. El-Awaisi, Abd al-Fattah Muhammad. The Muslim Brothers and the Palestine Question, 1928- 1947
39. Fakhry, Majid. A History of Islamic Philosophy
40. —. Averroes: His Life, Works, and Influence
41. Firestone, Reuven. Jihad: The Origin of Holy War in Islam
42. Fortna, Benjamin. Imperial Classroom: Islam, the State, and Education in the Late Ottoman Empire
43. Frank, Richard. Al-Ghazali and the Asharite School
44. Gilmartin, David. Empire and Islam: Punjab and the Making of Pakistan
45. Gilsenen, Michael. Recognizing Islam: Religion and Society in the Modern Middle East
46. Goodman, Lenn. Islamic Humanism
47. —. Avicenna
48. Guillaume, Alfred. The Traditions of Islam: An Introduction to the Study of Hadīth Literature
49. Gutas, Dimitri. Greek Philosophers in the Arabic Tradition
50. Hallaq, Wael. A History of Islamic Legal Theories: An Introduction to Sunni usul al-fiqh
51. —. Law and Legal Theory in Classical and Medieval Islam
52. Hardy, P. The Muslims of British India
53. Harrison, Christopher. France and Islam in West Africa, 1860-1960
54. Hodgson, Marshall. The Venture of Islam (three volumes)
55. Holt, Peter. The Mahdist State in the Sudan, 1881-1898: A Study of Its Origins, Development, and Overthrow
56. Hourani, Albert. A History of the Arab Peoples
57. —. Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age: 1798-1939
58. Jackson, Peter. The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History
59. Jalal, Ayesha. Self and Sovreignty: Individual and Community in South Asian Islam since 1850
60. Karandikar, Maheshwar.  Islam in India’s Transition to Modernity
61. Karpat, Kemal. The Politicization of Islam: Reconstructing Identity, State, Faith and Community in the Late Ottoman State.
62. Karsh, Ephraim. Islamic Imperialism: A History
63. Kayali, Hasan. Arabs and Young Turks: Ottomanism, Arabism, and Islamism in the Ottoman Empire, 1908-1918
64. Keddie, Nikki. An Islamic Response to Imperialism: Political and Religious Writings of Sayyid Jamal ad-Din “al-Afghani”
65. Keller, Shoshana. To Moscow, Not Mecca: The Soviet Campaign Against Islam in Central Asia, 1917-1941
66. Kennedy, Hugh. The Armies of the Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State
67. Kerr, Malcolm. Islamic Reform: The Political and Legal Theories of Muhammad Abduh and Rashid Rida
68. Kessler, Clive. Islam and Politics in a Malay State
69. Khadduri, Majid. War and Peace in the Law of Islam
70. Khalidi, Tarif. Images of Muhammad: Narratives of the Prophet in Islam Across the Centuries
71. Kepel, Gilles. Muslim Extremism in Egypt: The Prophet and Pharaoh
72. —. Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam
73. Kraemer, Joel. Philosophy in the Renaissance of Islam: Abu Sulayman Al-Sijistani and His Circle
74. Kramer, Martin. Islam Assembled: The Advent of the Muslim Congresses
75. Kuran, Timur. The Long Divergence: How Islamic Law Held Back the Middle East
76. Lapidus, Ira. A History of Islamic Societies
77. Lelyveld, David. Aligarh’s First Generation: Muslim Solidarity in British India
78. Lewis, Bernard, ed. The World of Islam: Faith, People, Culture
79. —. What Went Wrong?: The Clash Between Islam and Modernity in the Middle East
80. —. The Jews of Islam
81. Lewisohn, Leonard. The Heritage of Sufism (three volumes)
82. Lia, Brynjar. The Society of the Muslim Brothers in Egypt: The Rise of an Islamic Mass Movement, 1928-1942
83. Liow, Joseph Chinyong. Piety and Politics: Islamism in Contemporary Malaysia
84. Madelung, Wilferd. The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate
85. Mahdi, Muhsin. Alfarabi and the Foundation of Islamic Political Philosophy
86. Malley, William. Fundamentalism Reborn? Afghanistan and the Taliban
87. Martin, Richard. Defenders of Reason in Islam: Mutazilism from Medieval School to Modern Symbol
88. Masters, Bruce. Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Arab World: The Roots of Sectarianism
89. McCargo, Duncan. Tearing Apart the Land: Islam and Legitimacy in Southern Thailand
90. McKenna, Thomas. Muslim Rulers and Rebels: Everyday Politics and Armed Separatism in the Southern Philippines
91. Melchert, Christopher. The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, 9^th-10^th Centuries
92. Metcalf, Barbara. Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband 1860-1900
93. —. Moral Conduct and Authority: The Place of Adab in South Asian Islam
94. Milton-Edwards, Beverly. Islamic Politics in Palestine
95. Minault, Gail. The Khilafat Movement: Religious Symbolism and Political Mobilization in India.
96. —. Secluded Scholars: Women’s Education and Muslim Social Reform in Colonial India
97. Mitchell, Richard. The Society of the Muslim Brothers
98. Motzski, Harald. Origins of Islamic Jurisprudence: Meccan Fiqh before the Classical Schools
99. Nakash, Yitzhak. The Shi’is of Iraq
100. Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. Science and Civilization in Islam
101. —. The Islamic Intellectual Tradition in Persia
102. —. Sadr al-Dīn Shirazī and his Transcendent Theosophy.
103. Netton, Ian Richard. Muslim Neoplatonists: An Introduction to the Thought of the Brethren of Purity
104. Noer, Deliar. The Modernist Muslim Movement in Indonesia, 1900-1942
105. Özcan, Azmi. Pan-Islamism: Indian Muslims, the Ottomans & Britain
106. Peacock, James. Purifying the Faith: the Muhamrnadiyah Movement in Indonesia
107. Peters, Francis. Muhammad and the Origins of Islam
108. Pormann, Peter. Medieval Islamic Medicine
109. Rahman, Fazlur. Islam
110. —. Islam and Modernity: Transformation of an Intellectual Tradition
111. —. Major Themes of the Qur’an
112. Rippin, Andrew. The Qur’an and Its Interpretive Tradition
113. Robinson, Francis. Separatism Among Indian Muslims: The Politics of the United Provinces’ Muslims, 1860-1923
114. Rougier, Bernard. Everyday Jihad: The Rise of Militant Islam among Palestinians in Lebanon
115. Rozenthal, Franz. The Classical Heritage in Islam
116. —. The Muqaddimah
117. Sachedina, Abdulaziz. Islamic Messianism: The Idea of the Mahdi in Twelver Shi‘ism
118. —. The Just Ruler in Shi’ite Islam: The Comprehensive Authority of the Jurist in Imamite Jurisprudence
119. Saeed, Abdullah. Islamic Banking and Interest: A Study of the Prohibition of Riba and Its Contemporary Interpretation
120. Saliba, George. Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance
121. Schimmel, Annemarie. I Am Wind, You Are Fire: The Life and Work of Rumi
122. —. Mystical Dimensions of Islam
123. Schlegell, BR von. Principles of Sufism
124. Serajuddin, Alamgir. Sharia Law and Society: Tradition and Change in South Asia
125. Seyyid, Vali Reza Nasr. The Vanguard of the Islamic Revolution: The Jama’at-i Islami of Pakistan
126. —. Islamic Leviathan: Islam and the Making of State Power
127. Siegel, James. The Rope of God
128. Tankel, Stephen. Storming the World Stage: The Story of Lashkar-e-Taiba
129. Tibi, Bassam. The Crisis of Modern Islam
130. Troll, Christian. Sayyid Ahmad Khan: A Reinterpretation of Muslim Theology
131. Turner, Colin. Islam without Allah? The Rise of Religious Externalism in Safavid Iran
132. Voll, John, John Esposito. Makers of Contemporary Islam
133. Walker, Paul. Early Philosophical Shiism: The Ismaili Neoplatonism of Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani
134. Walzer, Richard, trans. On the Perfect State
135. Warraq, Ibn, ed. and trans. The Quest for the Historical Muhammad
136. Wickham, Carrie Rosefsky. Mobilizing Islam: Religion, Activism, and Political Change in Egypt
137. Wictorowicz, Quintan. Islamic Activism: A Social Movement Theory Approach
138. —. The Management of Islamic Activism: Salafis, the Muslim Brotherhood, and State Power in Jordan
139. Wink, André. Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World
140. Ziai, Hossein. The Philosophy of Illumination